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United States Department of Justice, federal executive department established in 1870 and charged with providing the means for enforcing federal laws,
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{{Infobox Govt Agency | agency_name = Department of Justice | type = Department | seal = US-DeptOfJustice-Seal.svg | seal_width = 140 px | seal_caption = Official seal | formed = June 22, [
July 1, [ | jurisdiction = [Federal government of the United States | headquarters = Robert F. Kennedy Building, [Washington, D.C. | employees = 112,500+ (2005) | budget = [USD43.5 billion (2007) | chief1_name = [Peter Keisler (Acting) | chief1_position = [United States Attorney General | chief2_name = [Craig S. Morford (Acting) | chief2_position = [United States Deputy Attorney General | website = http://www.usdoj.gov/ www.usdoj.gov --> Department of Justice Building in Washington, D.C.The United States Department of Justice (DOJ) is a United States Cabinet department in the United States government of the United States designed to enforce the law and defend the interests of the United States according to the law and to ensure fair and impartial administration of justice for all Americans (see ). The DOJ is administered by the United States Attorney General (see ), one of the original members of the cabinet.

History Until the late 19th century, law enforcement in the United States was a responsibility of local and state governments only. The Attorney General was initially a one-person, part-time job, established by the Judiciary Act of 1789, but this grew with the bureaucracy. At one time the Attorney General gave legal advice to the Congress of the United States as well as the President of the United States, but this had stopped by 1819 on account of the workload involved.

In 1867, the U.S. House Committee on the Judiciary, led by William Lawrence (Ohio), conducted an inquiry into the creation of a "law department" headed by the Attorney General and composed of the various department solicitors and district attorneys. On February 19, 1868, Lawrence introduced a bill in Congress to create the Department of Justice. This first bill was unsuccessful, however, as Lawrence could not devote enough time to ensure its passage owing to his occupation with the impeachment of President Andrew Johnson.

A second bill was introduced to Congress by Rhode Island Representative Thomas Jenckes on February 25, 1870, and both the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives passed the bill. President Ulysses S. Grant then signed the bill into law on June 22, 1870. The Department of Justice officially began operations on July 1, 1870.

The bill, called the "Act to Establish the Department of Justice", did little to change the Attorney General's responsibilities, and his salary and tenure remained the same. The law did create a new office, that of United States Solicitor General, to supervise and conduct government litigation in the Supreme Court of the United States.

With the passage of the Interstate Commerce Act in 1870, the Federal government of the United States in the U.S. began to take on some law enforcement responsibilities, with the Department of Justice tasked carry out these duties.

In 1872, control of federal prisons was transferred to the new department, from the United States Department of Interior. New facilities were built, including the penitentiary at United States Penitentiary, Leavenworth in 1895, and a facility for women located in West Virginia, at Alderson Federal Prison Camp was established in 1924.

Headquarters The building was completed in 1935 from a design by Milton Bennett Medary. Upon Medary's death in 1929, the other partners of his Philadelphia firm Zantzinger Borie and Medary took over the project. On a lot bordered by Constitution and Pennsylvania Avenues and Ninth and Tenth Streets, Northwest, it holds over one million square feet of space. The sculptor C. Paul Jennewein served as overall design consultant for the entire building, contributing more than 50 separate sculptural elements inside and outside.

Various efforts, none entirely successful, have been made to determine the meaning of the Latin motto appearing on the Department of Justice seal, Qui Pro Domina Justitia Sequitur. It is not even known exactly when the original version of the DOJ seal itself was adopted, or when the motto first appeared on the seal. The most authoritative opinion of the DOJ suggests that the motto refers to the Attorney General (and thus to the Department of Justice) "who prosecutes on behalf of justice (or the Lady Justice)".

The building was renamed in honor of former Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy in 2001. It is sometimes referred to as "Main Justice".http://www.spiegel.de/international/0,1518,474911,00.html

Organization Leadership offices

• Office of the United States Attorney General
• Office of the United States Deputy Attorney General
• Office of the United States Associate Attorney General
• Office of the United States Solicitor General

Divisions

• United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division
• United States Department of Justice Civil Division
• United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division
• United States Department of Justice Criminal Division
• United States Department of Justice Environment and Natural Resources Division (ENRD)
• United States Department of Justice Justice Management Division (JMD)
• United States Department of Justice National Security Division (NSD)
• United States Department of Justice Tax Division

Law Enforcement Agencies

• Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF)
• Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
• Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
• Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP)
• National Institute of Corrections
• United States Marshals Service (USMS)

Offices

• Executive Office for Immigration Review (EOIR)
• Executive Office for U.S. Attorneys (EOUSA)
• Executive Office of the United States Trustee (EOUST)
• Office of Attorney Recruitment and Management
• Office of the Chief Information Officer
• Office of Dispute Resolution
• Office of the Federal Detention Trustee
• Office of Information and Privacy
• United States Department of Justice Office of the Inspector General (OIG)
• Office of Intelligence Policy and Review (OIPR)
• Office of Intergovernmental and Public Liaison
• Office of Justice Programs (OJP)
• Bureau of Justice Assistance
• Bureau of Justice Statistics
• Community Capacity Development Office
• National Criminal Justice Reference Service
• National Institute of Justice
• Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention
• Office of the Police Corps and Law Enforcement Education
• Office for Victims of Crime
• Office of Legal Counsel (OLC)
• Office of Legal Policy (OLP)
• Office of Legislative Affairs
• Office of the Ombudsperson
• Office of the Pardon Attorney
• Office of Professional Responsibility (OPR)
• Office of Public Affairs
• Office on Sexual Violence and Crimes against Children
• Office of Tribal Justice
• Office on Violence Against Women
• Professional Responsibility Advisory Office (PRAO)
• United States Attorneys Offices
• United States Trustees Offices
• Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS)
• Community Relations Service

Other offices and programs

• Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States
• INTERPOL, U.S. National Central Bureau
• National Drug Intelligence Center
• U.S. Parole Commission

In March 2003, the United States Immigration and Naturalization Service was abolished and its functions transferred to the United States Department of Homeland Security. The Executive Office for Immigration Review and the Board of Immigration Appeals which review decisions made by government officials under Immigration and Nationality law remain under jurisdiction of the Department of Justice. Similarly the Office of Domestic Preparedness left the Justice Department for the Department of Homeland Security, but only for executive purposes. The Office of Domestic Preparedness is still centralized within the Department of Justice, since its personnel are still officially employed within the Department of Justice.

See also

• United States Assistant Attorney General

References External links

• United States Department of Justice website
• Organization chart for the United States Department of Justice
• Prison Reform
• Department Of Justice Meeting Notices and Rule Changes from The Federal Register RSS Feed

United States Department of Justice
Primary federal criminal investigation and enforcement agency.

United States Department of Justice
The U.S. Department of Justice home page provides access to information on law enforcement, public safety, crime control and prevention, and the fair and impartial administration ...

United States Department of Justice
The U.S. Department of Justice home page provides access to information on law enforcement, public safety, crime control and prevention, and the fair and impartial administration ...

United States Department of Justice - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The United States Department of Justice (DOJ) is a Cabinet department in the United States government designed to enforce the law and defend the interests of the United States ...

Office of Justice Programs
The Department of Justice and its Office of Justice Programs (OJP) are committed ... to assist in crime prevention efforts and to support the justice system of the United States.

Bureau of Justice Statistics Capital Punishment Statistics
Statistical information and publications about capital punishment in the United States. ... Summary findings. Executions In 2007, 42 inmates were executed, 11 fewer than in 2006.

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